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Evolusi Malware dan Antisipasinya

2 bulan yang lalu

Category: Knowledge
Author: KodingNow

Baru-baru ini sedang heboh dengan kasus Pusat Data Nasional Indonesia yang terkena Malware/virus. Akibatnya data yang ada di PDN menjadi data yang tidak dapat diakses atau terenkripsi. Beruntungnya dari kabar beredar, hacker tidak jadi menarik biaya tebusan untuk memberikan kunci enkripsinya. Malware bagi hacker umumnya memiliki 2 tujuan yaitu untuk mengenkripsi file penting korban guna memperoleh uang tebusan, dan membuat korban tidak dapat mengakses akun atau peralatan komputernya (Richardson, 2017). Malware telah mengalami revolusi sejak yang pertama 1989 ditemukan hingga tahun ini 2024. Berikut perjalanan evolusi Malware:

 

Tojan AIDS 1989_ dibuat oleh Joseph L Poop dengan tujuan mengenkripsi file, yang disebarkan melalui perangkat penyimpan (floppy disk) pada saat acara konferensi AIDS Internasional. Sistemnya menggunakan enkripsi simetris.

 

Trojan.GP Coder 2005 _ dirilis pada mei 2005 oleh penjahat terorganisir dari Rusia. Proses penyebarannya melalui spam e-mail ke perusahaan mengaku sebagai pelamar kerja dengan melampirkan file.

 

Trojan. Cryzip dan Trojan. Archiveus 2006_dirilis pada Maret 2006 dengan jalan menyalin file yang tersandi ke sebuah arsip zip atau als, kemudian menghapus file aslinya. Hal ini terjadi karena salah satunya Komputer menjelajahi halaman porno ilegal : ).

 

Locker Ransomware 2007_ menonaktifkan sebagian fungsi atau seluruh fungsi perangkat. Bahkan pada saat itu (serangan di Rusia) dimunculkan pop up gambar tidak senonoh pada perangkat, untuk menghilangkannya perlu membayar tebusan.

 

GP Code.Ak 2008_menggunakan kunci RSA 1024 bit apabila hendak membuka kunci tanpa kunci pribadi si hacker, maka membutuhkan daya komputasi yang cukup rumit.

 

Dari perkembangan virus tersebut maka perlunya kehati-hatian dalam 1) menggunakan memory eksternal secara bergantian dari satu komputer ke komputer lain; 2) mendownload file yang tidak terjamin keamanannya, yang dikirim via e-mail/chat/SMS/atau transfer BT; 3) mengakses link asing yang tidak terjamin keamanannya; 4) instal anti Malware pada perangkat Anda; 5) lakukan backup data secara berkala; 

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